A flowchart, based on the seven stages, is presented in figure 2.1, and a sample flowchart that using an example for reform design is presented in Annex A.

The flowchart presents a series of key questions to guide PFM reform practitioners through each of the key stages. It also suggests actions based on the responses to key questions.

The seven stages and corresponding flowchart are provided as a heuristic tool only. They are not intended to be prescriptive, and application of the guidance provided in this volume may not always be linear.

Several iterations may be required for any or each of the questions set out in the flowchart.